In Pakistan, beliefs related to mental health are shaped by cultural, social, and religious factors, leading to significant misconceptions that hinder understanding and treatment. For instance, the most common psychological and psychiatric issues that prevails among Pakistani society is related to anxiety and depression.

Anxiety and depression can be cause of a medication side effect. It can be caused by a trauma or post accident also known as Post Traumatic Stress Disorder or PTSD. It can also be caused by family genetics. All these causes need proper psychological counciling and if required medications as well.

Patients often refrain from approaching professionals or even openly discussing about their issues, as they fear that they will be entitled as “Nafsiyati” or “Abnormal”

This further leads to self ignorance and the patient suppresses the syptoms just to fit in the society like others. This eventually makes condition worst and it often ends up with incidents of suicides or drug abuse.

The following factors have been discussed in detail regarding why patients may hesitate to seek professional guidance.

1. Stigmatization of mental illness

An NIH report states a prevalent belief is that mental illness reflects personal weakness or moral failure. Individuals suffering from mental health disorders often face harsh judgment from society, leading to feelings of shame and isolation. Phrases like “Sambhalo apnay aap ko” (Take care of yourself) imply that individuals should simply overcome their struggles without seeking help, reinforcing the idea that mental health issues are due to personal failures or our own personal thinking.

2. Supernatural explanations

In one of the NIH reports, many people attribute syptoms of Schizophrenia to supernatural causes, such as possession by spirits or a lack of spiritual well-being.

This belief leads individuals to seek remedies through religious practices or spiritual healers rather than consulting mental health professionals.

The reliance on such explanations can prevent individuals from recognizing mental health disorders as medical conditions that require appropriate treatment.

3. Role of religion

Religion plays a significant role in shaping beliefs about mental health. While faith can offer comfort, there is often an over-reliance on religious observance as a means of coping with mental health issues. A report issued by NIH proved that prayer or spiritual rituals can cure mental illness along with medical interventions. Depending on this belief system alone can lead to the neglect of necessary psychiatric care.

4. Lack of awareness and education

There is a widespread lack of awareness regarding mental health issues and their symptoms. Many individuals do not recognize the signs of mental disorders in themselves or others, often attributing symptoms to stress, fatigue, or character flaws. This lack of understanding perpetuates the cycle of stigma and discourages people from seeking help.

For instance a mother of a new born goes through frequent episodes of crying and eventually tries to harm her own baby . This is the clear indication of the mother going through Post Partum Depression or (PPD). Mayo clinic research states that timely diagnosis can help mother and child , including immediate family members to deal with it in appropriate manner.

5. Gender-based misconceptions

Gender disparities further complicate beliefs about mental health. Women are often viewed through a lens of societal expectations, and mental health issues may be dismissed as emotional instability or a lack of strength.

This perception can discourage women from openly discussing their mental health struggles or seeking treatment, perpetuating the belief that they should endure their suffering in silence.

Its not only women but also men who face gender disparity issues. “Kia larkiyon ki tarhan ro rhe hu, mard bano mard”.

6. Cultural narratives and myths

According to Dr Carol S Pearson, cultural narratives and myths surrounding mental health contribute to the stigmatization of those affected. Common sayings like “Kaun shaadi keray ga tum se, poori zindagi hum per bojh bani raho gi” (Who will marry you if you remain a burden on us all your life?) reflect societal attitudes that blame individuals for their mental health issues. Such statements reinforce the belief that mental illness is a personal burden rather than a health condition deserving compassion and support.

7. Perceptions of weakness

NIH researches state that there is a prevalence of a belief that seeking help for mental health issues is a sign of weakness. Many individuals fear being labeled as “crazy” or “weak,” which deters them from pursuing necessary treatment. This perception fosters an environment where individuals suffer in silence rather than seeking the help they need.

Beliefs surrounding mental health in Pakistan are deeply rooted in cultural and societal norms that stigmatize mental illness and promote misconceptions. These beliefs hinder awareness, perpetuate stigma, and restrict access to necessary treatment.

To address the mental health crisis, it is crucial to challenge these beliefs through education and advocacy, creating a supportive environment where individuals feel empowered to seek help without fear of judgment.

By changing the narrative around mental health, we can foster a culture of understanding and compassion, ultimately leading to improved mental health outcomes for all.