The US Senate has overwhelmingly approved legislation that would impose sweeping sanctions on Russia and penalise major buyers of its oil and gas, including China and India, over their trade with Moscow.

The bill, renamed the Lindsey O. Graham Sanctioning Russia and Iran Act of 2026, passed by an 86-11 vote.

It would give President Donald Trump authority to impose tariffs of up to 100% on goods from countries that rank among the five largest importers of Russian oil and gas.

China, India, Azerbaijan, Hungary and Slovakia are currently among Russia’s leading buyers of oil and gas.

The legislation also seeks to sanction Russian leaders and officials, including President Vladimir Putin, as well as oligarchs and financial institutions.

Separately, the bill would extend the Iran Sanctions Act of 1996 until 2031, maintaining penalties on companies that invest in Iran’s energy sector.

The measure was championed by Republican Senator Lindsey Graham and Democratic Senator Richard Blumenthal.

Graham died on July 11 following a trip to Kyiv, prompting lawmakers from both parties to push for the bill’s passage as a tribute to his support for Ukraine.

Darline Graham, Graham’s sister who was appointed to his Senate seat after his death, said the legislation would force major buyers of Russian energy to choose between maintaining trade with Moscow and access to the US market.

Blumenthal said Graham would have been “proud” of the Senate vote, describing the proposed measures as sanctions and tariffs aimed at countries supporting Russia’s war in Ukraine.

However, some Democrats have raised concerns over the bill’s broad tariff powers, warning that Trump could use them to further expand his trade policies.

The legislation will next go to the House of Representatives when lawmakers return on August 31.

Democratic Representatives Gregory Meeks and Don Beyer criticised the bill, saying it would give Trump sweeping new tariff authority that could be used without sufficient limits.

They said while they supported efforts to punish Russia and back Ukraine, the bill could instead lead to additional tariffs that would ultimately increase costs for Americans.