Saudi Arabia’s Heritage Commission has announced the discovery of a rock inscription bearing the name of Caliph Umar ibn al-Khattab during archaeological surveys in the Medina region, calling it a significant addition to the kingdom’s early Islamic heritage record.

The commission said on Tuesday that the inscription was among 1,774 archaeological findings recorded during two survey phases in Al Mahd Governorate.

It added that field teams documented 173 previously unknown archaeological sites, highlighting what it described as the region’s “rich and diverse historical heritage”.

Among the discoveries were multiple rock carvings featuring the name of Umar ibn al-Khattab, the second caliph of Islam, along with ancient Arabic inscriptions and poetry engraved on stone.

According to the commission, the overall findings include 1,259 rock art drawings, 461 Islamic inscriptions, 34 Thamudic inscriptions, 11 stone structures, three palaces and archaeological complexes, two caravan route milestones and four wells.

Umar ibn al-Khattab, a close companion of Prophet Muhammad, ruled the early Islamic state from 634 to 644 CE and played a key role in its expansion.

The Heritage Commission said the surveys contribute to ongoing efforts to document and preserve Saudi Arabia’s archaeological and cultural heritage.