The troubled actress will present the Top Ten List live via satellite from Los Angeles, CBS announced Tuesday. It marks her fifth appearance on the New York-based show, which she last visited in May 2007.
Lohan's problems have regularly put her in the news, most recently thanks to felony charges for the alleged theft of a $2,500 necklace from a jewelry store.
Meanwhile, her travails have been a source of humor for Letterman. Last week he read the Top Ten Signs that "Lohan is out of control."
They included: "Friends worry that her shoplifting is getting in the way of her drinking."
"Late Show" airs weeknights on CBS at 11:35 p.m. Eastern time.