The UN report cites examples of the scale of the killings, aid blockages, forced displacement and the destruction of a fertility clinic to back up its genocide finding, adding its voice to rights groups and others who have reached the same conclusion.

“Genocide is occurring in Gaza,” said Navi Pillay, head of the Commission of Inquiry on the Occupied Palestinian Territory and a former International Criminal Court judge.

“The responsibility for these atrocity crimes lies with Israeli authorities at the highest echelons who have orchestrated a genocidal campaign for almost two years now with the specific intent to destroy the Palestinian group in Gaza.

Israel calls report ‘scandalous’

Israel’s ambassador to the UN in Geneva, Daniel Meron, called the report “scandalous” and “fake”, saying it had been authored by “Hamas proxies”.

“Israel categorically rejects the libellous rant published today by this commission of inquiry,” Meron told journalists.

Israel, which accuses the commission of having a political agenda against Israel and diverging from its mandate, declined to cooperate with it.

The commission’s 72-page legal analysis is the strongest UN finding to date, but the body is independent and does not officially speak for the United Nations.

The UN has not yet used the term genocide, but is under mounting pressure to do so.

Israel is fighting a genocide case at the International Court of Justice in The Hague.

It has rejected such accusations, citing its right to self-defence.

The war in Gaza has killed more than 64,000 people, while a global hunger monitor says that part of it is suffering from famine.

The 1948 UN Genocide Convention defines genocide as crimes committed “with intent to destroy, in whole or in part, a national, ethnic, racial or religious group, as such”.

To count as genocide, at least one of the five acts must have occurred.

The UN commission found that Israel had committed four of them: killing; causing serious bodily or mental harm; deliberately inflicting conditions of life calculated to bring about the destruction of the Palestinians in whole or in part; and imposing measures intended to prevent births.

It cited as evidence interviews with victims, witnesses, doctors, verified open-source documents and satellite imagery analysis compiled since the war began.

Israel ‘denumanising’ Palestinian population

The commission also concluded that statements by Netanyahu and other officials are “direct evidence of genocidal intent”.

It cites a letter he wrote to Israeli soldiers in November 2023 comparing the Gaza operation to what the commission describes as a “holy war of total annihilation” in the Hebrew Bible.