Chinese AI startup DeepSeek’s roll-out of AI models, which it says is on par with or even better than industry-leading models in the United States at a fraction of the cost, has roiled the industry and re-energised the global AI race.

“ERNIE X1 delivers performance on par with DeepSeek R1 at only half the price,” Baidu said of one of the new models. The X1 has “stronger understanding, planning, reflection, and evolution capabilities,” Baidu said, adding that it is the first deep thinking model that uses tools autonomously.

Baidu said its latest foundation model, ERNIE 4.5, has “excellent multimodal understanding ability.

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It has more advanced language ability, and its understanding, generation, logic, and memory abilities are comprehensively improved.“

It also has “high EQ”, and it is easy to understand network memes and satirical cartoons, Baidu said.

One of China’s earliest tech giants to launch a ChatGPT-style chatbot, Baidu has struggled to gain widespread adoption for its Ernie large language model, despite claiming performance comparable to OpenAI’s GPT-4, amid fierce competition.

Multimodal AI systems are capable of processing and integrating various types of data including text, video, images and audio, and can convert content across these formats.