To start with the Indian army has planned to set up integrated theatre commands. But such reforms depend on effective implementation, which can be hindered by bureaucratic delays.

On Wednesday, Indian Air Force Chief AP Singh highlighted that the first batch of 40 Tejas aircraft ordered in 2009-2010 was yet to be fully delivered.

“Technology delayed is technology denied,” he had said amid reports of resistance to change, corruption, and resource constraints.

Moreover, its focus on technology and digitisation might expose the army to cybersecurity risks. In November 2024, a group of hackers claimed to have leaked the indecent videos of Israel’s former defence minister after hacking his mobile phone.

The army’s aim to streamline procurement procedures might require significant cultural and operational changes, which could be difficult to achieve.

In addition to this, its modernisation plans are also under threat because of budgetary constraints, impacting the pace and scope of reforms.

The Indian army’s plan to facilitate combined arms operations might affect its ability to respond to regional security challenges. It is likely to be impacted by the pace and effectiveness of such reforms.